NT的密碼究竟放在哪

根據(jù)以前的發(fā)現(xiàn),windowsNT密碼雖然不象Windows95那樣以簡單加密形式包含在一個(gè)文件里面,而是一些雜亂的暗碼,分別藏在7個(gè)不同的地方。這篇最新發(fā)表的文章告訴我們WindowsNT密碼隱藏的第八個(gè)地方。Date: Mon, 22 Feb 1999 11:26:41 +0100
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  y* q3 d6 ~* ^) ]+ MFrom: Patrick CHAMBET <pchambet@club-internet.fr>
1 b: W% A- P7 ?; r# y
( p' u* T2 b6 x+ q' y7 XTo: sans@clark.net
, e3 y# k0 t3 }  h, _5 z$ Z5 KSubject: Alert: IIS 4.0 metabase can reveal plaintext passwords
Hi all,
We knew that Windows NT passwords are stored in 7 different places across
" ~* B6 D7 ~5 t8 X6 B* othe system. Here is a 8th place: the IIS 4.0 metabase.
# W1 Y  w% D* j: U# l4 [IIS 4.0 uses its own configuration database, named "metabase", which can
be compared to the Windows Registry: the metabase is organised in Hives,
% M0 |+ U& z  y$ @Keys and Values. It is stored in the following file:
. D( ~  `9 B, g+ YC:\WINNT\system32\inetsrv\MetaBase.bin
3 R1 R& X, o7 E, M, M- hThe IIS 4.0 metabase contains these passwords:
- IUSR_ComputerName account password (only if you have typed it in the
MMC)
2 v* q* a" J3 J5 ~: ~- IWAM_ComputerName account password (ALWAYS !)
  D9 |9 b6 s; R- UNC username and password used to connect to another server if one of
$ d6 g2 X7 P9 `& Nyour virtual directories is located there.
- The user name and password used to connect to the ODBC DSN called
% K2 u3 E( ?- R& I( J$ Y"HTTPLOG" (if you chose to store your Logs into a database).
Note that the usernames are in unicode, clear text, that the passwords are
srambled in the metabase.ini file, and that only Administrators and SYSTEM
. R: [& r& W  a/ R7 p4 v( phave permissions on this file.
! ?; |/ M* p8 M4 sBUT a few lines of script in a WSH script or in an ASP page allow to print
$ Y& V# J% k" K! u3 d7 V- Fthese passwords in CLEAR TEXT.
The user name and password used to connect to the Logs DSN could allow a
malicious user to delete traces of his activities on the server.
Obviously this represents a significant risk for Web servers that allow
logons and/or remote access, although I did not see any exploit of the
; U1 D! u& D" z- N2 eproblem I am reporting yet. Here is an example of what can be gathered:
"
IIS 4.0 Metabase
?Patrick Chambet 1998 - pchambet@club-internet.fr
--- UNC User ---
UNC User name: 'Lou'
8 d7 t0 w1 L" V! _UNC User password: 'Microsoft'
UNC Authentication Pass Through: 'False'
; e0 _# h% |6 p* L1 H--- Anonymous User ---
Anonymous User name: 'IUSR_SERVER'
Anonymous User password: 'x1fj5h_iopNNsp'
: m# i5 F5 e+ R5 vPassword synchronization: 'False'
--- IIS Logs DSN User ---
9 R) J; i+ I/ ZODBC DSN name: 'HTTPLOG'
ODBC table name: 'InternetLog'
ODBC User name: 'InternetAdmin'
ODBC User password: 'xxxxxx'
--- Web Applications User ---
' y3 A! j1 I: t- A& ?4 v5 [WAM User name: 'IWAM_SERVER'
5 G- s/ @/ W& z, D2 E' _8 v* TWAM User password: 'Aj8_g2sAhjlk2'
Default Logon Domain: ''
/ I0 I# s) q4 `"
For example, you can imagine the following scenario:
7 O) }5 y+ }8 E  X  S) `$ TA user Bob is allowed to logon only on a server hosting IIS 4.0, say
server (a). He need not to be an Administrator. He can be for example
9 ]% z' q. L8 I) y* V% han IIS 4.0 Web Site Operator. Then, he launches a WSH script that extracts
the login name and password of the account used to access to a virtual
* b- o2 f1 y- G1 ydirectory located on another server, say (b).
2 H7 u: S  K0 i$ j' Q. G* C  j- JNow, Bob can use these login name and passord to logon on server (b).
: g' r( F; _( Q6 M) _* lAnd so forth...
Microsoft was informed of this vulnerability.
_______________________________________________________________________
5 R/ w" ~; u0 k" i( y1 ^Patrick CHAMBET - pchambet@club-internet.fr
MCP NT 4.0
- d4 |) h  ]% g/ G0 K; qInternet, Security and Microsoft solutions
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